The thyroid is an endocrine gland. It controls the body's iodine balance as well as the creation and release of thyroid hormones from its location in the inferior, anterior neck. The thyroid produces both triiodothyronine, which is mostly active, and thyroxine (T4), which is primarily dormant (T3). Thyroid hormone that has undergone peripheral conversion is either activated thyroid hormone or another inactive thyroid hormone. Body composition and thyroid hormones appear to be closely related. Thyroid hormones regulate basal metabolism, thermogenesis and play an important role in lipid and glucose metabolism, food intake and fat oxidation. Thyroid dysfunction is associated with changes in body weight and composition, body temperature and total and resting energy expenditure (REE) independent of physical activity. The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is more likely to be activated in obese patients with healthy thyroid function and greater blood levels of thyroid hormones. On the other hand, slight variations in thyroid function are linked to weight changes of up to 5 kg. An online survey was conducted in Al_Nahrain university college of pharmacy. The aim of this survey is to find the correlation between thyroid function and obesity in the Iraqi population who are diagnosed and treated of hypothyroidism. Current study outcomes is to find the correlation between thyroid function and obesity in the Iraqi population who are diagnosed and treated of hypothyroidism. The correlation between BMI and TSH showed elevattion 4.5-10 mIU/mL, 36 had severely Elevated > 10 mIU/mL while 9 are normal 0.5-4.5 mIU/mL. Aim: The aim of this survey is to find the correlation between thyroid function and obesity in the Iraqi population who are diagnosed and treated of hypothyroidism.
Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis complex. TB causes a wide range of clinical infections affecting many parts of the body. Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by bacteria that are resistant to both isoniazid and rifampicin, the most effective anti- TB drugs, or more. MDR-TB presents a major concern in many countries and continues to threaten TB control. Methods: A retrospective cohort study carried out from 5 Jan 2020 to 30 March 2020 at the Specialized Chest and Respiratory Disease Center in Baghdad. The records of the patients who received multidrug treatment were included in the study. On the other hand, all the records that not contain full information about the socio-demographic characteristics, history of travelling or other disease, type and duration of treatment, and drug culture sensitivity excluded from the study. Results: From the 650 patients whom there records were reviewed, 130 patients had single or multi-drug resistance mainly to rifampicin and isoniazide. Comparing the presence of drug resistance according the gender showed that the number of males who had resistance to drugs was higher than that of females. Conclusion: Tuberculosis affects mainly the productive age group. It affects males more than females. Resistance to anti TB drugs was found in one fifth of patients who received treatment.
Objective: As the pandemic effect of viral infection with COVID-19 caused dreadful from death in worldwide, thereafter many vaccines manufactured against it. The aim of this study is to explore the acceptability of anti-COVID-19 vaccine in Iraqi population. Methods: An online survey conducted in February 2022 among current vaccinated people that included 308 participants (108 males and 200 females) aged (18-66) years. The questionnaire involved questions about the vaccine type ,vaccine dose number, presence of infection after vaccination, symptom of infection after vaccination, period of infection appearance after vaccination, duration of infection presence after vaccination. Results: The upper percent of questionnaire database reported that 68% of people take Pfizer vaccine, 84 % of people take twice dose of vaccine. Moreover, 68 % of people not infected after taking vaccine, symptom that appear after vaccination 15% mild to moderate. While, the period of infection appearance after vaccination was 25% more than one month, and the duration of infection presence after vaccination was 22% about one week. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study showed the important role of anti- COVID-19 vaccine in constricted the spreading effect of COVID-19 infection for a reasonable level.